Pile-form and method of driving the same.



F. SHUMAN. PILE FORM AND METHOD OF DRIVING THE SAME.

APPLICATION FILED OCT- 2. I915- Patented Mar. 5, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

F. SHUMAN. PiLE FORM AND METHOD OF DRIVING THE SAME.

1,258,482. I APPLICATION FILED OCT- 2'. I915- i BEBE IDBUEIZIEJE I g gML 2 UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

FRANK SH'U'MAN, F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE SIMPLEXCONCRETEPILING- COMPANY, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, A CORPO-BATION OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

FILE-FORM AND METHOD OF DRIVING THE SAME.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK SHUMAN, a citizen of the United States,residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certainImprovements in Pile-Forms and Methods of Driving the Same, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in the forms for makingholes or molds in the ground to receive concrete which, when hardened,becomes a pile.

One object of my invention is to construct the pile form so that it canbe driven in the ordinary manner to any depth desired and can be removedby turning the form.

A further object of the invention is to make the form in sections sothat, while it is driven as a single unit, it can he released by turningone section after another and removed.

A still further object of the invention is to drive a casing for theopening which will accommodate itself to the spiral ribs of the ill pileform and which will remain in the ground after the pile form iswithdrawn.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a view of the tapered pile form in elevation andillustrating my invention;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the ile form;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view on the line a--a, Fig. 5;

Fig. 4: is an enlarged view illustrating the shape of the spiral ribs onthe pile form;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view illustrating the position of the coupling ofthe sections of the pile form, when one section is turned independentlyof another section;

Fig. 6 is a View in elevation illustrating my invention in connectionwith a pile of an even diameter throu hout;

Fig.7 is a view 0? the casing which can be used in connection with thepile shown in Fig. l;

Fig. 8 is a view showing the casing em bedded in the ground after beingdriven by the pile form shown in Fig. l, and after the pile form hasbeen removed;

Patented Mar. 5, 1918.

Serial No. 53,731.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged side view of the pressed sheet from which thecasing illustrated in Fig. 6 is made, and formed so as to allow thesheet to accommodate itself to the spiral ribs of the pile form;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view on the line b-b, Fig. 9, and

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a corrugated sheet which may be used inmaking the casing illustrated in Fig. 7.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, 1 is a conical pile form made, inthe present instance, in three sections 2, 3 and 4c, coupled together byany suitable detachable fastenings. 5 is the driving head of the pilehaving a flange 6 which extends into the upper end of the upper sectiont of the pile. 7, 7 are openings for the reception of a turning bar. lhesections, in the present insta ce, are coupled together. by sleeves 8.no sleeve is riveted, or otherwise secured, to the lower end of theupper section and extends into the upper end of the intermediate sectionand has hooks thereon which engage lugs 10 on the intermediate section.The other sleeve 8 is secured to the lower end of the intermediatesection and has hooks which engage lugs 10 on the lower section. Whenthe pile is driven in the ground the lugs are at the back of the hook,as shown in Fig. 2, but when the section is turned to screw the sectionout of the ground, then the hook engages the lug 10, as illustrated inFig. 5, so that each section has but a limited amount of movementindependently of the next lower section, when its hook engages the saidsection and turns said lower section, and by these hooks the entire pileform can be removed from the round.

On the exterior sur ace of each of the pile septions is a spiral rib 11,preferably formed as shown in Fig. 4. The rib projects a sufficientdistance from the exterior surface of the pile so that it will grip theearth and when the pile section is turned the section will be lifted acertain distance and freed from the frictional contact of the earth,after which it can be readily removed from the opening. The spiral ispreferably continu ous throughout the length of the pile when thesections are coupled, as in Fig. 1.

It will be seen that when the pile form is driven by the usual method ofstriking a blow on the end of the driving head the form enters theground as a unit. It can be turned, after being driven, in someinstances, so as to force it farther into the ground, but, in practice,a pile can usually be driven to the depth desired After the pile isdriven the turning bar is placed in one'of the holes 8 and the upperpile section is turned and raised a half turn or until the hook engagesthe lug on the section below it. This will relieve the pressure on thefirst section so that the friction will be greatly reduced and, on thecontinued movement, the second section 1s turned and raised until itshook engages the lug on the lower section. This reduces the friction onthe second section so that, on the continued turning ofthe sections, thelast section is turned and raised and, on continuing the turningmovement, the sections will be raised sufficiently to release them fromthe ground in order that they may be bodily raised by any suitablelifting mechanism.

While l have shown, in Fig. 3, two hooks and two lugs, so that eachsection has an independent half turn of about one-half a revolution, asingle lug and hook may be used in some instances where it is desired toprolong the independent movement of one section.

The above description refers particularly to a tapered pile of the typeillustrated in Fig. l, but the invention can be used in connection witha pile of an even diznneter throughout, as illustrated in Fig. 6. Thispile form 1 may be made in a single piece and may have a spiral rib llformed on its exterior surface throughoutits length, the pile formterminating at a point in. This pile form has a driving head 5 and holes7' for the turning bar. The pile form is driven in the ordinary mannerto the depth desired and is turned y a turning bar which is placed inone of the openings and in this instance the pile form will have beturned until it is entirely removed from the opening, owing to the factthat it is of an even diameter throughout.

Tn some localities, it is necessary to provide a lining or casing forhole -which will support the earth after the hole is made and prior tothe insertion of the concrete which forms the permanent pile. Thiscasing is preferably made, as shown in l igs. i and 8, to conform theshape the pile. The casing shown in Fig. '7 is applied to the pile formillustrated in Fig. l, and is made, in the'present instance, in threesections lit, lit and t5 and is provided with a point it. The end of anupper section extends into the section below it, as shown clearly in thedrawings. When the pile form is driven the spiral ribs ll, on the pileform, malts lilie projections 18 on the casing, as shown in Fig, 8,which illustrates the casing in the opening in the ground ready toreceive the concrete and, in order to form the corrugations on thecasing, I make the casing from sheets which are undulated in anysuitable manner so that when pressure is applied, the ribs will take upa certain amount of the undulations as it is impossible to draw theseribs from a plain sheet with the pressure applied and while the sheetiscold.

In Figs. 9 and 10, l have illustrateda sheet having a series ofprojections 17 formed by rolling, or pressure, while the plate is hot,and while these projections are slightly elevated above the line of theplate they do not interfere with the. application of the casing to thepile form and, when the pile form is driven, the extra metal needed toform the ribs is drawn from these projections.

lln hig. 11, l have illustrated a plate havingcorrugations 17, which,when the plate is applied, will run substantially parallel with thespiral thread of the driving form and will answer the same purpose asthe projections l? on the plate illustrated in Fig. 9. The corrugations17 and the projections 17 are small as compared with the spiral threadof the driving form.

it will be seen that when the concrete is placed in the opening formedby the driving form illustrated in Fig. l, or that illustrated in Fig.6, that the concrete will flow into the spiral grooves in the walls andthus greatly add to the frictional value of the pile. The undulationsalso tend to hold the shell in the ground as the form is being turned.

While it have shown the sections of the casing independent of eachother, the lower end of one section extending into the upper end ofanother section, these sections may be held together by rivets, or otherfasten.- ings, if found desirable.

ll claim:

l. The combination in a pile driving form, of a series of sectionshaving interlocking couplings by which they are detachably connected,each section having a spiral rib on its exterior surface so that thepile driving form is driven as a unit and, after the pile form isdriven, the sections can he turned to release the sections in rotation.

2, The combination in a tapered pile form, in a series of sections, eachsection having a spiral rib thereon; interlocking couplings between thesections, each interloclring coupling consisting of a hoolr on onesection and a lug on the other section, the opening in the heel: being.greater than the width of the lug, so that when the upper section isturned it will be raised, due to the this last mentioned section can beturned form, with the casing in the ground, the rib and raised prior toits engagement with the forcing the metal of the casing to conform nextlower section. to its shape, turning the pile to release it 10 3. Theprocess herein described, of formfrom the casing, Withdrawing the pileform, 5 ing openings in the ground for piles' by and filling the casingwith concrete.

mounting a casing on a form having a spiral rib on its exterior surface,driving the FRANK SHUM N-

